Neuropsychology
ali mostafaie; Mohammad Oraki
Abstract
Aim: The present investigate was conducted with the aim of the effect of cognitive fatigue on working memory and executive functions in female students. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group,The statistical population of this research ...
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Aim: The present investigate was conducted with the aim of the effect of cognitive fatigue on working memory and executive functions in female students. Method: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group,The statistical population of this research includeds the female students of the first secondary school in Urmia city in the academic year of 1400-1401,which is available by random sampling method 30 students selected and were simple randomly divided into two experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experiment consisted of second phases.In the first stage, the participants were exposed to cognitive tasks and then in the second stage, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive and N-Back working memory test was performed to compare the groups based on the amount of cognitive fatigue.The data were analysed by analysis of Covariance. Findings: The results of data analysis using covariance analysis showed decrease in working memory and executive functions in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: In general, the findings of the current research on the role of cognitive fatigue variables, which reduces the amount of working memory and executive functions And on the other hand, this type of fatigue is related to cognitive and brain functions.
ali mostafaie; mohamad oraki; salar asadi
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of the present study is the effect of attention games on strengthening motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders. Method: This study is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population ...
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Aim: The purpose of the present study is the effect of attention games on strengthening motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders. Method: This study is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all 9-11-year-old boys in the primary schools of Kalibar city in the academic year of 2021-2022, with random sampling method available,Using the questionnaire of children's executive functions,30 students were selected and divided into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups by simple random method. In.In order to measure the effect of the executive function disorder questionnaire intervention (BRIEF–P), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (1972) and Inhibitory Control Questionnaire Go/No Response Inhibitory Test (2005), Before and after training sessions were conducted on the control and experimental groups. Also, analysis of covariance was used to examine the effectiveness of intervention. Results:The results of one-way covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of motor memory and inhibitory control. Also, the executive functions of the experimental group compared to the control group, It has decreased from pre-test to post-test And this shows that the interventions have been effective And the severity of executive function disorder has decreased. Conclusion: Attention game can be used as an effective method along with other treatment methods to increase the consolidation of motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders.
Hadis Ghafari Khalig; ahmad alipour; Amin Rafiepoor; Mohammad Oraki
Abstract
Abstract: Introduction: Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have some impairment in emotional relationship which can be due to problems in emotional processing. The present study uses the event-dependent potential (ERP) method to investigate the neural correlations of the early ...
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Abstract: Introduction: Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have some impairment in emotional relationship which can be due to problems in emotional processing. The present study uses the event-dependent potential (ERP) method to investigate the neural correlations of the early stages of emotional face processing in the N170 component when observing faces with different emotions in adults with ADHD compared to adults without ADHD.Methods: A total of 12 adults between 20 and 42 years old (6 males and 6 females) with ADHD were compared with 12 adults without ADHD (6 males and 6 females). Participants identified faces with different emotions while their brain activity was recorded using the event-dependent potential method.Results: The results showed that the N170 component for a neutral face was significantly different both for women with ADHD in the P8 region and men with ADHD in the O1 region comparing to adults without the disorder. (P <0.05)Conclusion: The present study supports the notion that people with ADHD in the early stages of facial processing and facial expressions are different from people without the disorder, which can affect the interpretation of facial expressions and emotions.
Lily Siahjani; Hossein Zare; Mohammad Oraki; mahdi sharifolhoseyni
Abstract
Aim: The main aim of the present research was to compile a cognitive rehabilitation program and study its efficacy on cognitive functions and satisfaction of life in the erderly with mild Alzheimer’s. Methods: The research method of this study was a Quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest ...
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Aim: The main aim of the present research was to compile a cognitive rehabilitation program and study its efficacy on cognitive functions and satisfaction of life in the erderly with mild Alzheimer’s. Methods: The research method of this study was a Quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest designs with control group with one month follow-up. Statistical population was all the elderly with mild Alzheimer's living in the elderly residential care centers in Shemiranat in Tehran provinc, in winter of 2018-2019 and spring and summer of 2019. The sample included 50 participants with mild Alzheime's by the physician's diagnosis and getting score between 20-25 in Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) meeting the other inclusion criteria of this study, was selected through purposive sampling and then the participants were assigned in experimental(25 patients) and control group(25 patients) by random assignment technique. The experimental group trained 45 minutes-1 hour twice a week for 20 sessions of cognitive rehabilitation intervention. Training of the control group was postponed for the another time. Data were collected by Wechsler Memory Scale Questionnaire(WMS-Q), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST), Cognitive Empowerment of the Elderly of Individual Changes Questionnaire(CEEIC-Q) and Life Satisfaction Index-Z(LSI-Z) in the elderly. The data were analyzed through repeated measures analysis of covariance. Findings: The results showed that scores in(WMS-Q),(WCST),(CEEIC-Q) and(LSI-Z) had significant increase in the experimental group and fowllow-up showed These effects were maintained for one month. Conclusion: it can be concluded that cognitive rehabilitation was useful for repairing cognitive impairments and improving life satisfaction in the elderly with Alzheime's and it is recommended to use this technique as a non-pharmacological treatment in these patients.
mohammad Oraki; mahin fekraty; hossein zare; ahmad alipour
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of metacognitive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) on executive functions, working memory in patients with major depression. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental method with pre-design. Exam and ...
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Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the effect of metacognitive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) on executive functions, working memory in patients with major depression. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and quasi-experimental method with pre-design. Exam and post-test was with a period of three months. The subjects were divided into three experimental groups, in the first experimental group the independent variable(metacognitive therapy) and in the second experimental group the independent variable(transcranial stimulation(TMS)) are applied and in the third group both variables are applied. Were. the total sample size of 45 people was considered, of which 15 people were randomly assigned to the metacognitive therapy group, 15 people to the transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy group and 15 people to the metacognitive and magnetic stimulation combination therapy group. The n- back questionnaire, the Wisconsin card test, and the metacognition questionnaire were used to collect data. Results: The results of research showed that metacognitive therapy and magnetic stimulation of the brain are effective on executive functions and working memory in patients with depression. Conclusion: This study showed that thefunction Combination therapy have a positive effect on working memory and executive functions. Keywords: metacognitive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, executive function, working memory
ali mostafaie; mohammad oraki
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to the effectiveness of psychological immunization training On Psychological Neurological Skills and Behavioral Symptoms(Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with(ADHD) based on the Meichenbaum model. Method: The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental ...
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Aim: The aim of the present study was to the effectiveness of psychological immunization training On Psychological Neurological Skills and Behavioral Symptoms(Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with(ADHD) based on the Meichenbaum model. Method: The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a follow-up and control group. Purposeful sampling is used for this purpose of 7-12-year-old children with ADHD Disorder who were under training in Primary school centers in Urmia. 30 children were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental(n = 15) and control(n = 15) groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 1-hour sessions(two days per week) of the immunization model of Meichenbaum Model. The data from the study were analyzed via ANCOVA. Findings: The results showed that psychological immunization training on neuropsychological skills(Attention, executive functions, language, learning, and reading) and Behavioral Symptoms(Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with Attention Deficit – Hyperactivity Disorder Had a significant effect (p < 0/05).psychological immunization training on It has not been effective in the visual-spatial processing performance of hyperactivity children. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study Meichenbaum model-based immunization training was used as an effective way to improve neuropsychological skills and behavioral Symptoms in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder.
ahmad alipour; mohamad oraki; azita kharaman
Abstract
Background: In December 2019, a pandemic broke out in Wuhan, China, which attracted worldwide attention and was named covid-19. the World Health Organization (WHO) has announced the outbreak of the virus in a public health emergency. The most common symptoms include fever, fatigue, and a dry cough, but ...
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Background: In December 2019, a pandemic broke out in Wuhan, China, which attracted worldwide attention and was named covid-19. the World Health Organization (WHO) has announced the outbreak of the virus in a public health emergency. The most common symptoms include fever, fatigue, and a dry cough, but it has recently been confirmed that neurological and cognitive symptoms such as headache, cognitive impairment, and paresthesia are also present. Method: In this review, all articles published until May 4 , 2020 in English on the subject of covid-19 disease and its neurological and cognitive effects were examined. This search was performed through the reputable scientific databases BioRxiv, Google scholar, Scopus, PubMed and using the keywords Coronaviruses infection, COVID-19, Nervous system and the necessary information was extracted. Conclusion: In this study, reports of viral attacks on the central nervous system and the development of viral inflammation of the brain were also highlighted, and the mediating role of the immune system in fighting infection was emphasized. Lack of sense of smell and taste in infected people and its relationship with the nervous system are other important signs of the virus and are one of the first signs of an attack on the nervous system. Acute cerebrovascular disease and the process of its formation due to hypoxia and other complications of infection were also described. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the appearance of neurological symptoms in the initial evaluations, because some patients only refer to these symptoms.
mohammad oraki; Maryam Zamani
Abstract
Aim:Regarding the problems of people with ADHD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its importance in the quality of social relationships, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of neurofeedback therapy on improvement of eye emotion recognition. Method: For this purpose, ...
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Aim:Regarding the problems of people with ADHD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its importance in the quality of social relationships, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of neurofeedback therapy on improvement of eye emotion recognition. Method: For this purpose, 24 adults including 12 males and 12 females between the ages of 19 to 25 years were selected and divided into experimental and control groups. The subjects were evaluated by an adult ADHD test and interview, and provided that no other symptoms of mental disorders were measured by the SCL-90 test. All subjects were recorded electroencephalographically and all responded to eye emotion recognition test. The experimental group also participated in 15 sessions of neurofeedback treatment and then both groups were re-evaluated. Results: The results showed that the experimental group performed better than the control group after the neurofeedback sessions and the difference between them was significant. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that individuals' performance in emotion recognition is not limited to classical mirror neurons and emotional processing takes place in areas beyond what is known as mirror neurons.
mohammad oraki; sepideh shahmoradi
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of brain stimulation on the skull using direct tDCS electric current on working memory and severity of depression symptoms.Method:The present study is a semi-experimental, pretest-post test with control group. In this study, Tdcs brain ...
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Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of brain stimulation on the skull using direct tDCS electric current on working memory and severity of depression symptoms.Method:The present study is a semi-experimental, pretest-post test with control group. In this study, Tdcs brain electrical stimulation therapy was performed on the experimental group and compared to the control group that did not receive any treatment. Each experimental group consisted of 16 experimental groups and 16 control group who were matched according to age, sex, and education and were randomly assigned to the groups.Brain electrical stimulation was performed for 10 sessions and each session was performed for 20 minutes in the experimental group and repeated repeatedly after 4 weeks. At the end of the post-test, both groups were tested and tested. Findings: Analysis of data obtained by using covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between two groups in working memory and depression (P Conclusion:According to the results, it seems that brain stimulation It can improve working memory and severity of depression symptoms. It can be used as an effective treatment.
ali mostafaie; mohamad oraki; anover niknam
Abstract
Inroduction: The goal of this research Influence of Attention Games on the Self-regulatory and Executive Function of Anxious Students. Method: This study is a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with control group. For this purpose, an estimated 30 students are anxious grade Fourth ...
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Inroduction: The goal of this research Influence of Attention Games on the Self-regulatory and Executive Function of Anxious Students. Method: This study is a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with control group. For this purpose, an estimated 30 students are anxious grade Fourth Elementary School Year 97-96, Selected cluster sampling method And then Randomly way Two experimental groups (N=15), Control(N=15). Package of interventions Attention-Based Games on experimental group It was done in ten sessions. In order to measure the impact of intervention Pintrich & DeGroot, self-regulatory questionnaire, Conners Neuropsychological and Spielberger anxiety scale Before and after the training sessions, control and experiment groups were performed. The results were analyzed using Statistical analysis of covariance analysis. Findings: Results of one-way covariance analysis Showed that There is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of self-regulation and performance. Also, the anxiety variables of the experimental group compared with the control group, From pre-test to post-test Decreased, This indicates that interventions have been effective, The severity of anxiety disorder has decreased. Conclusion: Attention play can be considered as an effective method along with other methods medical on Increasing self-regulation and improving the performance of anxious students.
masomeh esmaeli; hoseyn zare; ahmad alipor; mohemmad oraki
Volume 4, Issue 12 , June 2018, , Pages 45-60
Abstract
Introduction: The present study, with emphasis on CaR-FA-X Williams model, investigates the intermediate role of over-general autobiographical memory on the relationship between impairment executive functions with ineffective problem-solving in depressed people.Methods: For this purpose, 56 subjects ...
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Introduction: The present study, with emphasis on CaR-FA-X Williams model, investigates the intermediate role of over-general autobiographical memory on the relationship between impairment executive functions with ineffective problem-solving in depressed people.Methods: For this purpose, 56 subjects with major depression by sampling method during the period from April to September 2017 were selected . For data collection, after diagnosis of major depression by a psychologist, Autobiographical Memory Test, a problem-solving problem test and a Wisconsin card software were used. To analyze the research data using SPSS and IMOS software and path analysis method, structural equation modeling was used.Results: The results showed that the direct effect of executive function on problem solving with a value of 0/283 is not significant at the level of 0/05. The indirect effect of executive function on problem solving with a value of 0/130 is significant at the level of 0/05. The total effect of the executive function on problem solving is 0/413, which is significant at the level of 0/05. Therefore, due to the insignificant direct and significant effects of indirect effect, oral memory is a general mediator variable in the effect between the executive function on problem solving.Conclusion:Therefore, the present study, confirmed by the Williams CaR-FA-X model, showed that depressed people, due to their negative mood, and impairment in executive functions, have a particular problem in restoring their memoirs, and this is a problem in retrieval, solving problems It also affects their problems and makes them produce less effective solutions. Therefore, more generative of autobiographcal memory as a mediating mechanism in the relationship between impairment in executive function and ineffective problem-solving in depressed people.
MOHAMMAD ORAKI; REZA FARAJI; hosein zare; vahid nejat
Volume 3, Issue 11 , March 2018, , Pages 103-114
Abstract
Introduction:The purpose of the present research was to study the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TSCS) on executive functions of war survivors who suffer from PTSD. methods: It was a semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, experimental research and sham/placebo. ...
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Introduction:The purpose of the present research was to study the effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TSCS) on executive functions of war survivors who suffer from PTSD. methods: It was a semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, experimental research and sham/placebo. The population of the research includes all injured people (wounded warriors) of Kermanshah and they were selected by purposeful sampling (available sampling) as 30 individuals (15 per group). In order to obtain data, Barkley psychological executive functions disorder scale (BDEFS) and Wooders et al. Traumatic Stress Disorder List (1994) was used and data were analyzed by Multivariate covariance analysis method. Findings:The results showed that there is significant difference between mean score of time self-management, self-motivation, emotional self-regulation and total score of executive functions after omitting the effect of pre-test in experimental and control group (P0.05). in other word, it can be said that Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TSCS) had no effect and made no significant difference in self-organization/problem-solving and self-control/inhibition. Conclusion: According to findings and promotion of executive functions in wounded warriors who suffer from PTSD, it is needed to use some treatments such as Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TSCS) regularly.
Mohammad Oraki; Nepton Tehrani
Volume 2, Issue 7 , February 2017, , Pages 107-118
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was the effectiveness of biofeedback and Neuro-biofeedback training on reduction of headache migraine. Method: This study was quassi experimental one with pre-test and post- test. The sample included 10 patient who were randomly selected. First the subject had pre ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was the effectiveness of biofeedback and Neuro-biofeedback training on reduction of headache migraine. Method: This study was quassi experimental one with pre-test and post- test. The sample included 10 patient who were randomly selected. First the subject had pre –test by QEEG and then, They were Randomly place in two groups. They participated in 20 session Neurofeedback and biofeedback training protocols. To evaluate Brain, were used. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis (ANCOVA). Findings: Results indicated that The result Showed that Neuro-biofeedback training group in the compariation to the single biofeedback training (pConclusion: According to the result it could be claimed that Neuro-biofeedback training can be considered as, new noun invading treatment of migraine pain.
Mohammad Oraki; Afsaneh Dortaj; Atousa Mehdizadeh
Volume 2, Issue 6 , December 2016, , Pages 45-60
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of neurofeedback treatment on depression, anxiety, stress and psychosomatic abdominal pains in patients with clinical chronic psychosomatic abdominal pains in Shiraz. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of neurofeedback treatment on depression, anxiety, stress and psychosomatic abdominal pains in patients with clinical chronic psychosomatic abdominal pains in Shiraz. Methods: This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group. The study population was all women with chronic psychosomatic abdominal pains among whom, 40 patients were selected for this study; ultimately, data were analyzed with 30 patients (experimental group=15 and control group=15). Participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups consisting of 15 participants who were divided into an experimental group and a control group. In this intervention, the experimental group was treated with neurofeedback for 10 weeks (3 times a week for 40 minutes) and the control group received no intervention and was put on a waiting list. Also, experimental and control groups completed the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) in pre-test and post-test. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. Findings: The results of covariance analysis showed that neurofeedback therapy had an impact on reducing anxiety and depression (P<0.001). In other words, 53% of depression variation and 57% of anxiety variation in patients were due to neurofeedback, but neurofeedback revealed no effect on stress. Conclusion: It was concluded that neurofeedback could significantly reduce depression and anxiety, but it had no effect on stress.
Alireza Aghayusefi; Mohammad Oraki; rogayeh mohammadi
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 17-31
Abstract
Introduction: According to the studies, biological and endogenous factors can affect cognitive processes. The aim of the present research was to study the relationship between decision-making styles with the brain behavioral inhibition and activation systems and handedness. Method: The present study ...
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Introduction: According to the studies, biological and endogenous factors can affect cognitive processes. The aim of the present research was to study the relationship between decision-making styles with the brain behavioral inhibition and activation systems and handedness. Method: The present study was descriptive correlational research with regression analysis. The participants included 269 university students selected from Bonab and Tabriz Payame Noor Universities via multistage random sampling. They completed the decision-making styles questionnaire of Scott and Bruce (1995), the brain behavioral inhibition and activation systems (BIS/BAS) questionnaire of Carver and White (1994), and Edinburgh’s handedness questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Pearson’s product-moment correlation, standard multiple regression analysis, and moderated regression analysis. Findings: The results indicated that there is a relationship between handedness with brain behavioral inhibition and activation systems, and avoidant decision-making style. There was a significant relationship between behavioral inhibition system with all types of decision-making styles, and between behavioral activation system with all three types of avoidant, rational, and intuitive decision-making style except dependent style; and both brain behavioral systems were able to predict the decision making styles. Besides, moderated regression analysis verified the moderating effect of handedness in mediating the relation between behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and avoidant decision-making style. Conclusion: Overall, the results of the study confirm that cognitive processes, like decision-making, are directly or indirectly influenced by endogenous and biological factors such as brain behavioral systems and hemisphere superiority.
Mohammad Oraki; Mahdieh Rahmanian; Nepton Tehrani; Shima Heydari
Volume 1, Issue 1 , September 2015, , Pages 41-51
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training whith Alpha frequency band on the improvemet of the performance of working memory in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: To perform this study, eight children with attention ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training whith Alpha frequency band on the improvemet of the performance of working memory in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: To perform this study, eight children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were selected by random sampling. They participated in 10 sessions of neurofeedback training with Alpha up training Protocol. To evaluate the working memory, the N-Back Working Memory Test and Wechsler Memory Scale (Direct Numbers) were used. Data were analyzed by covariance analysis (ANCOVA) and SPSS. Results: Results showed that there was a significant difference between pretest and posttest (p
